Payment system design can encourage intraday liquidity efficiency
Efficient allocation of bank reserves improves central bank balance sheet efficiency. Frictions in such redistribution can affect monetary policy implementation.
October 02, 2025
Central bank swaps offer dollar crisis lifeline to non-U.S. banks
Starting in late 2007, the Federal Reserve, in partnership with a few major foreign central banks, began offering central bank dollar liquidity swap lines as an important liquidity backstop.
September 30, 2025
Surveys
Banking Conditions Survey
Loan volume and demand increased in September. Credit tightening continued, but loan pricing declined.
September 29, 2025
Eleventh District Banking Trends
This quarterly report tracks the financial performance of Eleventh District banks in comparison with national averages, looking at profitability, loans, deposits and other key metrics.
September 04, 2025
Community banks key to health, resilience of Eleventh District economy
There are fewer community banks in the Eleventh Federal Reserve District than a decade ago. But those that remain are larger due to ongoing consolidation, and among banks domiciled in the district, community banks still represent the largest segment by assets.
August 25, 2025
With few firms advising life insurers, is financial stability at risk?
Despite asset managers playing an increasingly pivotal role in investment decisions—leading to more similar portfolios—analysis of life insurance firms and their advisers reveals a relatively small threat to financial stability.
August 19, 2025
Surveys
Banking Conditions Survey
Loan volume and demand increased in August. Loan volume was driven by a sharp acceleration in residential real estate loans, which had contracted in the prior period.
August 18, 2025
Research Department Working Papers
Dollar Funding Fragility and Non-U.S. Global Banks
Global non-U.S. banks have significant dollar exposure both on and off their balance sheet. This paper develops a model to analyze their adjustment to dollar funding shocks, whether from reduced direct lending or external dollar shortages.
August 12, 2025
How sensitive are interest rates to higher federal debt?
The U.S. faces a historically high federal debt-to-GDP ratio, a measure of debt relative to economic output. But how sensitive are interest rates to higher debt?
August 12, 2025
Low oil prices, local impact: Do depressed energy markets affect banks?
Oil prices have swung dramatically in recent years, shaped by geopolitical conflicts, evolving global demand and shifting energy policies.
August 07, 2025